The Abbasid Dynasty was a major Islamic caliphate that ruled from 750 to 1258 CE. It emerged after the overthrow of the Umayyad Caliphate and is known for its cultural, scientific, and economic achievements. The dynasty established its capital in Baghdad, which became a center of learning and trade during the Islamic Golden Age. Under the Abbasids, the empire expanded significantly, encompassing parts of the Middle East, North Africa, and Central Asia. The dynasty is recognized for promoting arts, literature, and philosophy, with notable figures like the philosopher Al-Farabi and the poet Al-Mutanabbi contributing to its rich cultural heritage.