AWG stands for American Wire Gauge, a standardized system used to measure the diameter of electrical wires. The gauge number inversely relates to the wire's diameter; a smaller gauge number indicates a thicker wire. This system helps ensure that wires can safely carry the required electrical current without overheating. The AWG system is crucial for various applications, including residential wiring and electronics. It helps electricians and engineers select the appropriate wire size for specific tasks, ensuring safety and efficiency. Understanding AWG is essential for anyone working with electrical systems, including professionals and DIY enthusiasts.