APE1, or Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endonuclease 1, is an essential enzyme in the human body that plays a critical role in DNA repair. It helps to remove damaged sections of DNA, particularly those lacking purine or pyrimidine bases, which can occur due to environmental factors or normal cellular processes. By repairing these sites, APE1 helps maintain the integrity of the genetic material. In addition to its role in DNA repair, APE1 is also involved in regulating cellular processes such as gene expression and apoptosis. Its activity is crucial for preventing mutations that could lead to diseases, including cancer. Proper functioning of DNA repair mechanisms like APE1 is vital for overall cellular health.