An AC-DC converter is an electronic device that transforms alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). This process is essential for powering electronic devices that require a stable and constant voltage, such as computers and smartphones. The conversion typically involves components like diodes, which allow current to flow in one direction, and capacitors, which help smooth out the output voltage. These converters come in various forms, including rectifiers and power supplies. They are widely used in many applications, from small chargers to large industrial systems. Understanding AC-DC converters is crucial for anyone working with electrical and electronic systems.