An AC-DC adapter is a device that converts alternating current (AC) from a wall outlet into direct current (DC) used by many electronic devices. These adapters are essential for powering gadgets like laptops, smartphones, and gaming consoles, ensuring they receive the correct voltage and current. Typically, an AC-DC adapter consists of a transformer, rectifier, and filter. The transformer reduces the voltage, the rectifier changes AC to DC, and the filter smooths the output. Many adapters are compact and portable, making them convenient for travel and everyday use with various devices, including laptops, smartphones, and tablets.