AC-DC converters are electronic devices that convert alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). This process is essential for powering electronic devices that require a stable DC voltage, such as computers, smartphones, and various household appliances. The conversion typically involves rectification, where the AC waveform is transformed into a DC signal, often followed by filtering to smooth out the output. These converters can be found in various forms, including diode rectifiers and switching power supplies. They play a crucial role in modern electronics, enabling the efficient use of electrical energy from the power grid, which primarily delivers AC power.