ABAP (Advanced Business Application Programming) is a high-level programming language created by SAP for developing applications on the SAP platform. It is primarily used for building business applications and customizing existing SAP software to meet specific business needs. ABAP is known for its integration with the SAP environment, allowing developers to create reports, interfaces, and enhancements. The language supports object-oriented programming and is designed to work seamlessly with SAP databases and systems, making it a vital tool for businesses that rely on SAP solutions.