The "4 Cs" refer to four essential elements in diamond grading: cut, color, clarity, and carat weight. Each of these factors plays a crucial role in determining a diamond's overall quality and value. The cut affects how well the diamond reflects light, while color assesses the presence of any hues. Clarity measures the presence of internal or external flaws, and carat weight indicates the size of the diamond. Understanding the "4 Cs" helps consumers make informed decisions when purchasing diamonds. A well-cut diamond with high clarity and minimal color can be more valuable, even if it has a lower carat weight. By considering these factors, buyers can find a diamond that meets their preferences and budget.