In 323 AD, the Roman Empire was under the rule of Emperor Constantine the Great, who is known for his significant contributions to the spread of Christianity. This year marked a pivotal moment in history as it was shortly before his death, which occurred in 337 AD. Constantine's reign saw the establishment of Constantinople as a new capital, which would later become a major center of culture and politics. Additionally, 323 AD is notable for the death of Alexander the Great, whose legacy continued to influence the Mediterranean and Near Eastern regions. His conquests had spread Greek culture and ideas, shaping the course of history long after his passing.