2G technology, or second-generation mobile telecommunications, was introduced in the early 1990s. It marked a significant advancement from the earlier 1G analog systems by using digital signals. This allowed for improved voice quality, better security, and the introduction of services like SMS (Short Message Service), enabling text messaging between users. The most common 2G standards include GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) and CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access). 2G networks paved the way for further advancements in mobile technology, leading to the development of 3G and beyond, which offered faster data speeds and more advanced services.