The number 144 is known as a perfect square because it is the result of multiplying an integer by itself. Specifically, 144 is equal to 12 multiplied by 12 (12 x 12 = 144). Perfect squares are important in mathematics and are often used in various calculations and problem-solving scenarios. In addition to its mathematical significance, 144 has cultural and historical relevance. For example, in geometry, 144 is the area of a square with sides measuring 12 units. It also appears in numerology and is sometimes associated with concepts of completeness and harmony.