The 11th century, spanning from the year 1001 to 1100, was a period marked by significant social, political, and cultural changes in Europe and beyond. It saw the rise of feudalism, where land was held by lords and worked by peasants, leading to a structured society. This era also experienced the beginning of the Crusades, which were military campaigns aimed at reclaiming the Holy Land. In Asia, the Song Dynasty in China was known for its advancements in technology, art, and trade. The century also witnessed the establishment of universities in Europe, laying the groundwork for modern education. Overall, the 11th century was a time of transformation and development across various regions.