The sequence "101010" is a binary number, which is a base-2 numeral system used in computing and digital electronics. In binary, each digit represents a power of 2, starting from the right. Therefore, "101010" can be converted to decimal as follows: 1 \times 2^5 + 0 \times 2^4 + 1 \times 2^3 + 0 \times 2^2 + 1 \times 2^1 + 0 \times 2^0, which equals 42 in decimal. This binary representation is often used in programming and data processing, as computers operate using binary code. The binary system is fundamental to computer science, enabling the representation of data and instructions in a format that electronic devices can understand.