The numbers 0, 1, and 2 are fundamental concepts in mathematics. 0 represents the absence of quantity and is the starting point for counting. It is also known as a neutral element in addition, as adding 0 to any number does not change its value. 1 is the first positive integer and signifies a single unit. It is the identity element for multiplication, meaning any number multiplied by 1 remains unchanged. 2 follows 1 and is the smallest even number, representing a pair or two units. Together, these numbers form the basis for more complex mathematical operations.