지상파 refers to terrestrial broadcasting in South Korea, which includes television and radio services transmitted over the airwaves. This type of broadcasting is accessible to the public without the need for a subscription or cable service. Major 방송사 (broadcasters) like KBS, MBC, and SBS operate these channels, providing a variety of programs, including news, entertainment, and educational content. The signals for 지상파 are transmitted from towers and can be received by antennas, making it widely available across the country. This form of broadcasting plays a crucial role in delivering information and entertainment to the public, especially in rural areas where cable access may be limited.