지방자치법 is a South Korean law that governs the autonomy of local governments. It outlines the structure, functions, and responsibilities of local authorities, allowing them to manage their own affairs and make decisions that best serve their communities. The law aims to promote democratic governance at the local level by empowering citizens to participate in decision-making processes. It also establishes the framework for local elections, ensuring that local officials are elected by the residents they serve, thereby enhancing accountability and transparency in local administration.