The 아바스 왕조 (Abbasid Caliphate) was a major Islamic dynasty that ruled from 750 to 1258 CE. It emerged after the overthrow of the 우마이야 왕조 (Umayyad Caliphate) and is known for its cultural, scientific, and economic achievements. The capital was established in 바그다드 (Baghdad), which became a center of learning and trade. The Abbasids promoted the arts and sciences, leading to a flourishing of knowledge during the 황금 시대 (Golden Age) of Islam. They encouraged scholars, resulting in advancements in mathematics, astronomy, and medicine. The dynasty eventually declined due to internal strife and external pressures, leading to its fall.