禅 (Zen) is a school of Buddhism that emphasizes meditation and direct experience. Originating in China as 禅宗 (Chan Buddhism), it later spread to Japan, where it became known as Zen. The practice focuses on achieving a state of mindfulness and inner peace through meditation, often involving sitting quietly and observing one's thoughts without attachment. Zen teachings encourage simplicity and living in the present moment. It values direct experience over theoretical knowledge, often using paradoxical statements called 公案 (koans) to challenge conventional thinking. Zen has influenced various aspects of Japanese culture, including art, tea ceremonies, and martial arts.