核仁, or "nuclear kernel," refers to the central part of a cell's nucleus, which contains genetic material. This structure plays a crucial role in cell function and reproduction, as it houses the DNA that carries the instructions for building and maintaining an organism. The nuclear kernel is essential for processes like cell division and gene expression. In addition to DNA, the nuclear kernel contains proteins and RNA, which are vital for synthesizing proteins and regulating various cellular activities. The integrity of the nuclear kernel is important for the overall health of the cell, as any damage can lead to issues such as cancer or other genetic disorders.