国家药品监督管理局 (National Medical Products Administration, NMPA) is the regulatory authority in China responsible for overseeing the safety and efficacy of drugs, medical devices, and cosmetics. It ensures that these products meet national standards before they can be marketed and used by the public. The agency plays a crucial role in protecting public health by conducting inspections, reviewing applications, and monitoring the market. Established in 2018, the NMPA replaced the former China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) to enhance its regulatory framework. The agency collaborates with international organizations and other countries to align its practices with global standards, promoting innovation while ensuring safety in the pharmaceutical and medical sectors.