卢梭, or Jean-Jacques Rousseau, was an influential philosopher from the 18th century, known for his ideas on education, politics, and human nature. Born in 瑞士 in 1712, he became a key figure in the 启蒙运动, advocating for the belief that humans are inherently good but corrupted by society. Rousseau's most famous works include 社会契约论 and 忏悔录, where he explored concepts of freedom, equality, and the importance of individual experience. His thoughts significantly impacted the development of modern political theory and education, influencing later thinkers like 康德 and the 法国大革命.