"Османской" refers to the Османская империя, a historical empire that existed from the late 13th century until the early 20th century. Founded by Осман I, the empire expanded across three continents, including parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa. It was known for its rich culture, architecture, and significant contributions to art and science. The empire reached its peak during the reign of Султан Сулейман I, also known as "Сулейман Великолепный." The Османская империя played a crucial role in the history of the Mediterranean and the Middle East, influencing trade, politics, and religion in the region until its dissolution after World War I.