Пергамон, or Pergamon, was an ancient Greek city located in what is now modern-day Turkey. It was known for its impressive architecture, including the famous Altar of Zeus, and its rich cultural life. The city became a significant center of learning and the arts during the Hellenistic period, particularly under the rule of the Attalid dynasty. The city was also home to the Library of Pergamon, which was one of the largest libraries of the ancient world, rivaling the Library of Alexandria. Pergamon played a crucial role in the spread of Greek culture and ideas, influencing the surrounding regions and contributing to the development of early science and philosophy.