μons, or muons, are elementary particles similar to electrons but with a greater mass. They are part of the lepton family in the Standard Model of particle physics. Muons are unstable and decay into other particles, typically within microseconds, making them short-lived. These particles are produced when cosmic rays collide with atoms in the Earth's atmosphere. Due to their relatively high mass, muons can penetrate materials more effectively than electrons. Their study helps scientists understand fundamental forces and the structure of matter, contributing to research in fields like particle physics and cosmology.