Οθωμανό refers to the Ottoman Empire, a historical state that existed from the late 13th century until the early 20th century. It was founded by Osman I in what is now Turkey and expanded to include parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa. The empire was known for its rich culture, architecture, and significant contributions to art and science. The Ottoman administration was characterized by a complex system of governance, including the use of millets to manage diverse religious communities. The empire reached its peak in the 16th century under Suleiman the Magnificent but began to decline in the 19th century, ultimately leading to its dissolution after World War I.