Οθωμανικής refers to the Ottoman Empire, a historical empire that existed from the late 13th century until the early 20th century. It was founded by Osman I in what is now Turkey and expanded to include parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa. The empire was known for its rich cultural heritage, architectural achievements, and significant contributions to art and science. The Ottoman Empire was characterized by a complex administrative system and a diverse population. It played a crucial role in the history of the Mediterranean and the Balkans, influencing trade, culture, and politics in the region. The empire officially ended after World War I, leading to the establishment of the modern Republic of Turkey.