Λένιν, whose full name was Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, was a Russian revolutionary leader and the founder of the Soviet Union. He played a crucial role in the October Revolution of 1917, which led to the overthrow of the Provisional Government and the establishment of a socialist state. His ideas, known as Marxism-Leninism, emphasized the need for a vanguard party to lead the working class in the struggle against capitalism. As the leader of the Bolshevik Party, Λένιν implemented significant political and economic changes in Russia, including the nationalization of industry and land redistribution. He served as the head of government from 1917 until his death in 1924, shaping the early years of the Soviet regime and influencing communist movements worldwide.