"Ζαρατούστρα" (Zarathustra) is a significant figure in ancient Persian history, known as the founder of Zoroastrianism, one of the world's oldest monotheistic religions. He is believed to have lived around the 6th century BCE and is credited with promoting the worship of Ahura Mazda, the supreme god in Zoroastrian belief. His teachings emphasize the duality of good and evil, the importance of individual choice, and the concept of an afterlife. The philosophical work "Thus Spoke Zarathustra" by Friedrich Nietzsche draws inspiration from the figure of Zarathustra, using him as a vehicle to express ideas about morality, the "Übermensch," and the eternal recurrence. Nietzsche's portrayal of Zarathustra is not a historical account but rather a literary and philosophical exploration that challenges traditional values and encourages self-overcoming.