Émile Borel was a French mathematician born on January 7, 1871, and he is best known for his contributions to the fields of probability theory and set theory. He played a significant role in the development of measure theory, which is essential for understanding concepts in calculus and analysis. Borel also introduced the concept of Borel sets, which are fundamental in the study of real numbers and functions. In addition to his mathematical work, Borel was involved in politics and served as a member of the French Parliament. He was a strong advocate for science education and contributed to the establishment of the Institut Henri Poincaré, a research institute dedicated to mathematics and physics. Borel passed away on February 3, 1956.