Água, or water, is a clear, colorless liquid essential for all known forms of life. It covers about 71% of the Earth's surface, primarily in oceans, rivers, and lakes. Water is vital for drinking, agriculture, and industry, and it plays a crucial role in regulating the planet's climate. Water exists in three states: solid (ice), liquid (water), and gas (water vapor). It has unique properties, such as high surface tension and the ability to dissolve many substances, making it a universal solvent. The chemical formula for water is H₂O, indicating it consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.