The Paleolithic era, also known as the Old Stone Age, is the earliest period of human history, lasting from about 2.6 million years ago to around 10,000 BCE. During this time, early humans primarily lived as hunter-gatherers, relying on wild animals and plants for food. They used simple stone tools and developed basic social structures. The Paleolithic is characterized by significant developments in human culture, including the creation of art, such as cave paintings and carvings. This period saw the emergence of early human species, including Homo habilis and Homo sapiens, who adapted to various environments and began to form the foundations of modern human society.