Frederick William II was the King of Prussia from 1786 until his death in 1797. He was known for his patronage of the arts and his interest in culture, which led to the flourishing of music and architecture during his reign. He was also a member of the Freemasons, reflecting his interest in Enlightenment ideas. Despite his cultural contributions, Frederick William II faced challenges in governance, including military defeats and financial difficulties. His reign marked a shift in Prussian politics, as he struggled to maintain the power established by his predecessor, Frederick the Great.